Patimokha

Patimokha is a list of ethical precepts or rules of conduct for Buddhist monks and nuns. The term is Pali and translates roughly to "that which is on the side of the heart" or "foundation." These rules are not seen as commandments but as guidelines for a virtuous life that supports spiritual development and the integrity of the monastic community. The Patimokha is recited aloud by monks and nuns, usually on the days of the new and full moon, as a means of self-purification and reaffirmation of their vows.

The number of precepts varies between different monastic traditions. For fully ordained monks (bhikkhus), there are typically 227 rules in the Theravada tradition, while for nuns (bhikkhunis), there are 311 rules. These rules cover a wide range of conduct, from serious offenses that can lead to expulsion from the monastic order, such as sexual intercourse or theft, to minor transgressions that require confession. The purpose of observing the Patimokha is to cultivate mindfulness, detachment, and compassion, thereby progressing on the path to enlightenment. The recitation serves as a communal practice, fostering a shared commitment to the monastic discipline.