Passivmembranen

Passivmembranen, also known as the passive membrane, is a fundamental concept in physiology and pharmacology, referring to the semi-permeable nature of cell membranes. This membrane allows the selective passage of substances based on their size, charge, and lipid solubility. The primary components of the passive membrane are phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins. Phospholipids form a bilayer that provides a barrier, while cholesterol and proteins regulate the membrane's fluidity and permeability.

The passive membrane facilitates the movement of small, uncharged molecules like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water through simple diffusion. This process is driven by the concentration gradient and does not require energy expenditure. Larger molecules and ions, however, require specific transport proteins or channels to cross the membrane.

The passive membrane is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, as it controls the entry and exit of essential nutrients and waste products. It also plays a role in cell signaling and communication. Understanding the properties and functions of the passive membrane is essential for studying various physiological processes and developing pharmaceutical interventions.