Passiivseteks

Passiivseteks is an Estonian grammatical form, the translative plural of the adjective passiivne, meaning passive. It is used as a predicative complement to indicate a change of state into a passive condition, typically after verbs that express becoming or transformation, such as muutuma (to become) or saama (to become/get). The corresponding singular translative form is passiivseks, while the plural translative form is passiivseteks. In sentences, passiivseteks describes a plural subject that has entered or is described as being in a passive state.

Form and usage notes:

Passiivseteks is formed from the stem of passiivne with the translative plural ending -seteks. It is mainly encountered in linguistic descriptions, discussions of state changes, or formal stylistic contexts where a plural subject is described as having become passive. It can occur in both past and present contexts, depending on the main verb used with it (for example, Nad muutusid passiivseteks in past tense).

Examples:

- Nad muutusid passiivseteks. (They became passive.)

- Käitumised võivad muutuda passiivseteks. (Behaviors may become passive.)

Relation to other forms:

Passiivseteks contrasts with the singular passiivseks, which describes a single entity becoming passive. Both forms illustrate how Estonian uses the translative case with adjectives to express a change of state, and they are part of the broader category of state-denoting constructions in the language.