Particlemediated

Particlemediated refers to processes in which particles are the primary carriers or mediators of transport, interaction, or reaction. The term is used across multiple disciplines, from environmental science to biomedicine, and can apply to particles ranging from nanometers to micrometers in size.

In environmental science and materials science, particlemediated transport describes how colloids and nanoparticles influence the mobility and fate of substances, including pollutants and nutrients. Surface properties, charge, and coating of particles determine adsorption, desorption, and interactions with biological or mineral surfaces, shaping transport through soils, waters, and reactors.

In medicine and biology, particlemediated delivery refers to using particles such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, or inorganic carriers to transport therapeutics to target tissues. Particlemediated signaling or transfer can also describe ways cells exchange information via extracellular vesicles or other particles, enabling intercellular communication and coordinated responses.

Common mechanisms include diffusion and convection carried by particles, adsorption and desorption of substances on particle surfaces, and endocytic uptake by cells. Challenges encompass particle stability and aggregation, potential toxicity, immune recognition, and safety considerations in environmental and clinical contexts. Regulatory and ethical aspects may also influence how particlemediated approaches are developed and deployed.

Because particlemediated is a descriptive, cross-disciplinary term, its precise meaning varies by field and context.