Oximino

Oximino refers to a functional group in organic chemistry characterized by the presence of a nitroso group (N=O) attached to a carbon atom which is also bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. The general formula for an oximino group can be represented as R1R2C=NOH, where R1 and R2 are either hydrogen atoms or organic substituents. This functional group is derived from the condensation reaction between a carbonyl compound (an aldehyde or a ketone) and hydroxylamine. The reaction typically involves the removal of a water molecule.

The oximino group is also known as an oxime. Oximes can exist as geometric isomers, specifically E and Z isomers, due to the restricted rotation around the carbon-nitrogen double bond. The properties of oximes vary depending on the nature of the R1 and R2 groups. They can exhibit different reactivities and physical properties. Oximes are important intermediates in organic synthesis. They can be hydrolyzed back to their parent carbonyl compounds or reduced to amines. Some oximes also find applications as ligands in coordination chemistry and as reagents in analytical chemistry for the detection and quantification of certain metal ions. The study of oximino compounds is a significant area within organic chemistry due to their versatility and synthetic utility.