Ogledd
Ogledd is a Welsh word meaning “north.” In historical usage, it refers to the Brythonic-speaking polities that occupied northern Britain in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages, collectively known in Welsh as Yr Hen Ogledd, or the Old North. The term describes a cultural and political landscape that formed after Roman rule withdrew and persisted roughly from the 5th to the 7th centuries, before the rise of later Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and the expansion of Northumbria.
The core kingdoms of the Old North are typically listed as Gododdin (centered at Din Eidyn, near
Evidence for Yr Hen Ogledd comes from Welsh literary sources such as genealogies, Triads, and the Historia
The legacy of the Old North shaped later regional identities in northern Britain, influencing the historical