Oculomotoriske

Oculomotoriske refers to anything related to the oculomotor nerve. This nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, is one of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves that emerge directly from the brain. Its primary functions involve controlling the muscles of the eye and regulating the size of the pupil.

The oculomotor nerve innervates five of the six extrinsic eye muscles: the superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris. These muscles are responsible for most eye movements, including looking up, down, inward, and elevating the eyelid. Damage to the oculomotor nerve can result in noticeable deficits in these movements, leading to conditions such as double vision (diplopia), drooping of the eyelid (ptosis), and difficulty moving the eye in certain directions.

In addition to its motor functions, the oculomotor nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the eye. These fibers control the ciliary muscle, which is responsible for accommodation or focusing the lens for near vision, and the sphincter pupillae muscle, which constricts the pupil. This pupillary light reflex, where the pupil constricts in response to light, is mediated by the oculomotor nerve. Dysfunction in these parasympathetic fibers can lead to a dilated pupil that does not react to light.