Obklopená

Obklopená is a Czech feminine singular past passive participle of the verb obklopit, meaning to surround or encircle. It is used to describe a feminine noun that has been encompassed by a boundary, feature, or group. In Czech grammar, participles formed from obklopit decline to agree with the noun they modify, so obklopená corresponds to feminine singular.

Grammatical notes: obklopená can function as an adjective or as a predicative complement after a linking verb. It agrees with the gender and number of the noun it describes. The corresponding masculine singular form is obklopený and the neuter singular form is obklopené. The past passive participle conveys a sense of a completed surrounding or enclosure, as opposed to ongoing action described with a present or imperfective form.

Usage and examples: The expression is common in descriptive writing and reports. For example, Zahrada byla obklopená vysokými stromy (The garden was surrounded by tall trees). Žena byla obklopená lidmi, kteří ji sledovali (The woman was surrounded by people who were watching her). Město bylo obklopené hradbami (The city was surrounded by ramparts). These phrases illustrate how obklopená and its related forms describe a subject encircled by something else.

Etymology and relation: The form derives from obklopit, with the standard Czech past passive participle pattern. It shares a semantic field with other encircling descriptors and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as being surrounded by dangers, opportunities, or influences.