Närvikompressioon

Närvikompressioon, also known as nerve compression syndrome, is a medical condition where a nerve or group of nerves is squeezed or constricted. This pressure can disrupt the normal function of the nerve, leading to a variety of symptoms. The compression can occur at any point along the nerve's path.

Common causes of närvikompressioon include repetitive motions, awkward positions, swelling, injury, and direct pressure from surrounding tissues, bones, or growths. Conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome, where the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, and sciatica, involving compression of the sciatic nerve in the lower back, are well-known examples.

Symptoms of närvikompressioon vary depending on the nerve affected and the severity of the compression. They can include pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or a burning sensation in the area supplied by the compressed nerve. In some cases, muscle atrophy may also occur.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of medical history, a physical examination to assess nerve function, and sometimes imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or nerve conduction studies. Treatment aims to relieve the pressure on the nerve. This can involve conservative measures like rest, physical therapy, splinting, or medication to reduce inflammation. In more severe or persistent cases, surgery may be required to decompress the nerve. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent permanent nerve damage.