Neutrófila

Neutrófila is a term often used in a biological or medical context, referring to cells that have a specific staining characteristic. In hematology, it relates to a type of white blood cell known as a neutrophil. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granulocyte and the most abundant type of phagocyte in most mammals. They are a crucial component of the innate immune system. Their name, "neutrophil," derives from their affinity for neutral dyes in laboratory staining procedures, meaning they do not stain strongly acidic or basic, but somewhere in between. This characteristic staining of their cytoplasmic granules is a key identifier under a microscope.

The primary function of neutrophils is to fight bacterial and fungal infections. They are typically the first responders to sites of inflammation, migrating from the bloodstream into infected or injured tissues. Once at the site, they engulf and destroy pathogens through a process called phagocytosis. They also release various antimicrobial substances from their granules. An elevated neutrophil count in the blood, known as neutrophilia, can indicate an infection or inflammatory process, while a low count, called neutropenia, can make an individual more susceptible to infections. The term neutrófila, therefore, encapsulates this staining property that aids in their identification and understanding of their role in health and disease.