Nephrotoxischer

Nephrotoxischer is a German adjective that translates to "nephrotoxic" in English. It describes any substance, agent, or process that is harmful or damaging to the kidneys. Nephrotoxic substances can cause a range of kidney injuries, from mild and reversible dysfunction to severe and permanent damage, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products from the blood, regulating fluid balance, and producing hormones. When exposed to nephrotoxic agents, these functions can be impaired. Common causes of nephrotoxicity include certain medications, such as some antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and chemotherapy agents. Other nephrotoxic agents include heavy metals like lead and mercury, as well as some contrast media used in medical imaging. Dehydration and certain infections can also contribute to kidney damage.

Symptoms of nephrotoxicity can vary depending on the severity of the kidney damage and may include decreased urine output, swelling in the legs and feet, fatigue, nausea, and changes in urine color. Diagnosis typically involves blood and urine tests to assess kidney function. Treatment focuses on removing the offending agent, providing supportive care to manage symptoms, and addressing any underlying conditions. Prevention strategies include careful monitoring of kidney function when using potentially nephrotoxic medications and ensuring adequate hydration.