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Néel

Néel is a French surname that is most widely associated with the field of magnetism in physics. The name is especially linked to the French physicist Louis Eugène Félix Néel, whose work laid the foundations for the modern understanding of magnetic ordering in solids.

Louis Néel (1904–2000) was a prominent French physicist who contributed to the theory of magnetism, including

Several concepts in solid-state physics bear Néel’s name. The Néel temperature, named after him, is the temperature

The surname Néel is of French origin and is principally recognized in scientific literature through Louis

antiferromagnetism
and
ferrimagnetism.
His
research
helped
establish
the
study
of
magnetic
solids
as
a
discipline
and
introduced
concepts
that
describe
how
magnetic
moments
arrange
themselves
in
materials.
In
recognition
of
his
discoveries
concerning
ordering
phenomena
in
antiferromagnetic
systems,
he
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Physics
in
1970.
below
which
an
antiferromagnet
maintains
its
ordered
state
and
above
which
it
becomes
paramagnetic.
The
Néel
vector,
or
Néel
order
parameter,
describes
the
staggered
orientation
of
magnetic
moments
in
an
antiferromagnet,
effectively
capturing
the
difference
between
sublattice
magnetizations.
The
term
Néel
state
refers
to
the
antiferromagnetically
ordered
ground
state
of
a
bipartite
lattice.
Néel
and
his
contributions
to
magnetism.