Merkaptóetanol

Merkaptóetanol, also known as 2-mercaptoethanol or beta-mercaptoethanol, is a chemical compound with the formula HSCH2CH2OH. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor. Merkaptóetanol is a member of the thiol family, characterized by the presence of a sulfhydryl (SH) group.

This compound is widely used in biochemistry and molecular biology laboratories. Its primary function is as a reducing agent, particularly for breaking disulfide bonds in proteins. Disulfide bonds are covalent linkages between sulfur atoms of cysteine residues, which are crucial for maintaining the three-dimensional structure of many proteins. By reducing these bonds, merkaptóetanol can help denature proteins, allowing for easier manipulation or analysis. It is often employed in techniques such as gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and protein purification.

Merkaptóetanol is also used in the synthesis of other organic compounds and as an antioxidant. Due to its potent odor and potential toxicity, it should be handled with care in a well-ventilated area, and appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn. It is soluble in water and many organic solvents.