Lõhustav

Lõhustav is an Estonian adjective that translates to "fissile" or "cleavable" in English. It describes a material's ability to undergo nuclear fission, a process where the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts. This splitting releases a significant amount of energy, typically in the form of heat and radiation.

Materials that are lõhustav are essential for nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons. Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239 are common examples of fissile isotopes. When a neutron strikes the nucleus of a fissile atom, it can cause the nucleus to become unstable and split. This fission event releases more neutrons, which can then go on to strike other fissile atoms, creating a chain reaction. This controlled chain reaction is the basis for nuclear reactors, while an uncontrolled one is used in atomic bombs.

The term lõhustav is specific to the field of nuclear physics and engineering. It highlights a key property that enables the harnessing of nuclear energy. Understanding the fissile properties of materials is crucial for designing safe and efficient nuclear reactors and for managing nuclear waste, which often contains fissile isotopes. The concept is fundamental to comprehending the principles behind nuclear technology.