Lymphgefäße

Lymphgefäße, also known as lymphatic vessels, form a vital part of the lymphatic system. They are a network of tubes that run throughout the body, alongside blood vessels, and are responsible for transporting lymph. Lymph is a clear to yellowish fluid that contains white blood cells, proteins, fats, and waste products. The lymphatic system is crucial for fluid balance, immune function, and the absorption of fats from the digestive system.

Lymphatic vessels begin as tiny, blind-ended capillaries in tissues. These capillaries collect excess interstitial fluid, which is the fluid that surrounds cells. As these capillaries merge, they form larger vessels. These larger vessels have valves, similar to those found in veins, which ensure that the lymph flows in one direction, away from the tissues and towards the heart.

The lymphatic vessels eventually converge into two main lymphatic ducts: the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct. The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel and collects lymph from the majority of the body, draining into the left subclavian vein. The right lymphatic duct collects lymph from the upper right side of the body and drains into the right subclavian vein.

The primary functions of lymphgefäße include returning excess fluid and proteins from tissues back to the bloodstream, preventing edema. They also play a critical role in the immune system by transporting immune cells, such as lymphocytes, and filtering out pathogens and cellular debris in lymph nodes. Furthermore, specialized lymphatic vessels in the small intestine, called lacteals, absorb dietary fats.