Lukion

Lukio, in Finnish education, refers to the upper secondary school system that provides general education and prepares students for higher education. It is a three-year program typically attended after completing basic education (peruskoulu) and by students roughly aged 16 to 19. Most lukios are municipal and publicly funded; private schools and Swedish-speaking institutions are also present. Admission is usually based on prior study records and school capacity, but education remains accessible to residents without tuition.

The curriculum is governed by a national core curriculum. Students study a mix of compulsory subjects—such as languages (Finnish/Swedish and a second language), mathematics, sciences, social studies, physical education, and arts—and a substantial number of elective courses. This structure allows students to form a study profile aligned with their interests and plans for higher education. The emphasis is on broad general education, critical thinking, and preparation for university studies.

At the end of the program, students take the national Matriculation Examination (ylioppilastutkinto). The exams include written tests in multiple subjects and, in some subjects, an oral component. A successful examination yields the ylioppilastutkinto certificate, which is the primary qualification used for admission to Finnish universities and many higher education institutions.

Lukio is part of Finland’s universal education system and is generally free of charge for residents. It plays a central role in enabling access to higher education and supports a range of academic interests and future career paths.