Lihassatrofia

Lihassatrofia, also known as muscle atrophy, is a decrease in the size of muscle tissue. This reduction can occur for several reasons. The most common cause is disuse, where a muscle is not used for an extended period. This can happen due to injury, illness, or prolonged immobility. When muscles are not stimulated by nerve signals and regular use, the body begins to break down muscle protein, leading to shrinkage.

Another significant cause of muscle atrophy is aging, a process referred to as sarcopenia. As people age, they naturally lose muscle mass and strength, which can impact mobility and overall health. Neurological conditions, such as stroke, spinal cord injury, or diseases like muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), can also lead to atrophy by damaging the nerves that control muscles.

Certain medical conditions, like cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), can also contribute to muscle wasting through processes like inflammation and increased metabolic rate. Malnutrition, particularly a deficiency in protein, can also hinder muscle maintenance and repair, leading to atrophy. In some cases, atrophy can be a symptom of an underlying disease or injury and may require medical diagnosis and treatment. The extent of atrophy and its reversibility depend on the underlying cause and the duration of the condition.