Laitation

Laitation is a term that refers to the process of producing milk. It is a physiological function primarily associated with female mammals, though it can occur in some other species as well. The production of milk is a complex biological process that begins during pregnancy and continues after birth, providing nourishment and antibodies to offspring.

The mammary glands are responsible for laitition. These glands are composed of specialized cells that synthesize and secrete milk. Hormones play a crucial role in regulating this process. Prolactin, secreted by the pituitary gland, is a key hormone that stimulates milk production. Oxytocin, also released by the pituitary, is important for milk let-down, the reflex that expels milk from the glands during nursing or pumping.

The composition of milk varies significantly among different species, reflecting the specific nutritional needs of their young. However, most milk contains water, lactose (a sugar), fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Laitition is vital for the survival and growth of offspring in many mammalian species, facilitating their transition from fetal dependence to independent feeding. The process is essential for the continuation of the species and plays a significant role in maternal care.