Käesolevad

käesolevad is an Estonian word used primarily in formal and legal language. It functions as a demonstrative adjective meaning “these” or “the present,” and refers to items that are described or listed within the current document. The form is inflected to agree with the noun it modifies in number and case; käesolevad appears with plural nouns in the nominative or accusative, while other cases use forms such as käesolevate in genitive plural.

The word is common in legislation, contracts, regulations, and official correspondence, where precise reference to the contents of the document is required. Its use signals that the referenced provisions, terms, or items are contained within the same document or text.

Examples of usage include phrases such as käesolevad lepingutingimused (these contract terms) and käesolevad sätted (these regulations). A genitive plural example is käesolevate seaduste (of these laws). In English, the closest equivalents are “these present” or simply “these,” depending on the context.

In everyday Estonian, käesolevad is less common outside official or formal writing; speakers may opt for simpler constructions. Nevertheless, it remains a standard element of legal and administrative style, helping to anchor references to provisions within the document itself.