Kvanttitoistimet

Kvanttitoistimet, also known as quantum repeaters, are devices designed to overcome signal loss in quantum communication. Traditional communication systems use amplifiers to boost signals, but this is not possible for quantum signals due to the no-cloning theorem, which states that an arbitrary unknown quantum state cannot be duplicated exactly. Quantum repeaters work by dividing a long communication channel into smaller segments. Quantum entanglement is established between adjacent segments. Then, a process called entanglement swapping is used to extend the entanglement over the entire length of the channel, effectively creating a high-fidelity entangled pair between the sender and receiver. This entangled pair can then be used for secure quantum key distribution or other quantum communication protocols. The development of quantum repeaters is crucial for building a functional quantum internet, enabling long-distance quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. Current research focuses on improving the efficiency, fidelity, and scalability of quantum repeater architectures.