Kupffersejtjeiben

Kupffersejtjeiben is the German term for Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages found in the liver sinusoids of the hepatic blood vessels. They are a crucial component of the reticuloendothelial system, also known as the mononuclear phagocyte system, playing a vital role in the liver's immune defense and metabolic functions.

These cells are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and migrate to the liver during embryonic development. In the adult liver, Kupffer cells constitute a significant population of resident macrophages, accounting for approximately 80-90% of the total macrophage population in the body. Their unique location within the liver sinusoids allows them to efficiently filter and clear bloodborne pathogens, cellular debris, and foreign particles from the portal venous blood before it reaches the systemic circulation.

Kupffer cells are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. They phagocytose bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, thereby preventing systemic infections. They also clear aged red blood cells, recycling iron and other essential components. In addition to their phagocytic activity, Kupffer cells contribute to liver inflammation and injury in response to stimuli such as endotoxins, cytokines, and other inflammatory mediators. Their activation or dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and liver fibrosis. Furthermore, Kupffer cells play a role in the metabolism of lipids, lipoproteins, and bilirubin.