Kokonaisentropian

Kokonaisentropia refers to the total entropy of a system and its surroundings. The concept is fundamental to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time, or remain constant in ideal cases where the system is in a steady state or undergoing a reversible process. This means that for any spontaneous process occurring in the universe, the overall entropy of the universe increases.

Entropy itself is a measure of disorder or randomness within a system. It can also be understood as the number of possible microscopic configurations (microstates) that correspond to a given macroscopic state (macrostate). A system with higher entropy has more possible arrangements of its constituent particles.

When a process occurs, whether it's an energy transfer or a chemical reaction, entropy changes not only within the system where the process takes place but also in its environment. Kokonaisentropia accounts for both of these changes. If a system's entropy decreases (becomes more ordered), the entropy of its surroundings must increase by at least as much, ensuring that the total entropy of the combined system and surroundings remains constant or increases. This principle explains why certain processes are spontaneous (e.g., heat flowing from hot to cold) and others are not (e.g., heat spontaneously flowing from cold to hot). The increase in kokonaisentropia drives these natural directions of change in the universe.