Klathrinunabhängige

Klathrinunabhängige Pinozytose, often translated as clathrin-independent pinocytosis, refers to a group of endocytic pathways that do not rely on clathrin-coated vesicles for cargo internalization. Unlike clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which is a well-characterized mechanism for the uptake of specific molecules, clathrin-independent pathways are more diverse and less understood. These pathways are involved in the bulk uptake of extracellular fluid and solutes.

Several distinct clathrin-independent mechanisms have been identified. One prominent example is caveolae-mediated endocytosis, which utilizes flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane called caveolae, often enriched in cholesterol and proteins like caveolin. Another pathway involves macropinocytosis, characterized by the formation of large membrane ruffles that engulf surrounding fluid. Other clathrin-independent processes may involve different protein machineries and membrane dynamics.

The functions of clathrin-independent pinocytosis are broad. They play roles in nutrient uptake, immune cell signaling, pathogen entry, and the regulation of cell volume and plasma membrane homeostasis. The regulation and specific cargo selection for these pathways are complex and depend on the cell type and physiological conditions. Research in this area continues to uncover new pathways and their physiological significance.