Kalíumskortur

Kalíumskortur, also known as hypokalemia, is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of potassium in the blood. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that plays a vital role in nerve and muscle function, including the heart. It is also crucial for maintaining fluid balance and blood pressure.

Common causes of kalíumskortur include excessive fluid loss through vomiting, diarrhea, or the use of certain diuretic medications. Inadequate dietary intake of potassium can also contribute. Some medical conditions, such as kidney disease or hormonal imbalances, can also lead to low potassium levels.

Symptoms of kalíumskortur can vary in severity depending on the degree of deficiency. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, while more severe cases can manifest as muscle weakness, fatigue, cramps, and constipation. In critical situations, kalíumskortur can cause irregular heart rhythms, paralysis, and even respiratory failure.

Diagnosis is typically made through a blood test to measure serum potassium levels. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and restoring potassium levels. This may involve dietary adjustments to increase potassium intake, oral potassium supplements, or intravenous potassium administration in severe cases. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent serious complications.