KRTLs

KRTLs, or Kinase Receptor Transport Ligands, are a class of signaling molecules that play a crucial role in cellular communication. They are members of the kininogen family and are known for their ability to bind to and activate specific receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). These RTKs are transmembrane proteins that initiate signaling cascades within the cell upon ligand binding, influencing a wide range of cellular processes.

The primary function of KRTLs is to act as agonists for certain RTKs. This binding triggers autophosphorylation of the RTK, leading to the recruitment of downstream signaling proteins. These cascades can regulate cell growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. The specific effects depend on the particular RTK that is activated and the cellular context.

KRTLs have been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. In development, they are important for tissue patterning and organogenesis. In adults, they contribute to tissue homeostasis and repair. However, dysregulation of KRTL signaling has been linked to diseases such as cancer, where abnormal cell proliferation and metastasis can occur. Research into KRTLs is ongoing, with a focus on understanding their precise mechanisms of action and their therapeutic potential for diseases involving aberrant RTK signaling.