Juuksejuures

Juuksejuures is the Estonian term for the region at the base of a hair where the hair follicle resides in the skin. It refers to the hair root portion below the skin surface and the surrounding structures that support hair production and cycling. The term is used in dermatology and biology to distinguish the root from the visible hair shaft.

Anatomy: The follicle extends from the epidermis into the dermis, ending in the hair bulb. The bulb contains rapidly dividing matrix cells and the dermal papilla, which supplies signals and blood. Associated structures include the inner and outer root sheaths, a sebaceous gland, an arrector pili muscle, pigment-producing melanocytes, and sensory nerves.

Growth and function: Hair grows in cycles. The anagen phase is active growth, then catagen (regression) and telogen (rest). The length of the anagen phase depends on genetics and hormones. Melanocytes in the bulb determine color. The root supports keratinization, anchoring the hair in the skin.

Health and relevance: The hair root region contributes to protection, temperature regulation, and sensation. Follicle activity is influenced by genetics, hormones, nutrition, and scalp health. Disorders affecting the hair root include alopecia, folliculitis, and hirsutism. Treatments in dermatology often target the follicle to promote growth, manage inflammation, or improve appearance.