Isotysyanaatit

Isotysyanaatit is a Finnish term that translates to "isocyanates" in English. Isocyanates are a group of highly reactive chemical compounds characterized by the presence of a functional group with the structure R-N=C=O. This functional group, the isocyanate group, is responsible for their reactivity and their ability to form strong bonds with other molecules containing active hydrogen atoms, such as alcohols, amines, and water.

In industrial applications, isocyanates are primarily used as key building blocks in the production of polyurethanes. Polyurethanes are versatile polymers found in a vast array of products, including flexible and rigid foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, and fibers. The reaction between an isocyanate and a polyol (a compound with multiple hydroxyl groups) forms the urethane linkage that defines polyurethane.

Commonly used isocyanates in industry include toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). These compounds are produced on a large scale globally.

While essential for many modern materials, isocyanates are also known for their potential health hazards. They can cause respiratory sensitization, leading to occupational asthma, and can also irritate the skin and eyes. Therefore, strict safety protocols and proper handling procedures are crucial when working with isocyanates to minimize exposure and protect worker health.