Instrumentlanding

Instrument landing system, commonly referred to as ILS, is a precision approach and landing aid used in aviation. It provides pilots with vertical and horizontal guidance during the final approach to landing. The system consists of two main components: the localizer and the glide slope. The localizer provides horizontal guidance, helping the aircraft to align with the runway centerline. It operates in the VHF band and transmits a signal that the aircraft's receiver interprets as a series of dots and dashes, similar to Morse code. The glide slope, on the other hand, provides vertical guidance, guiding the aircraft to the correct descent angle for landing. It operates in the UHF band and transmits a signal that the aircraft's receiver interprets as a series of dots and dashes as well. The ILS is typically installed at major airports and is used during low visibility conditions, such as fog, rain, or snow, when visual landing is not possible. It is a critical component of modern aviation safety, enabling safe and efficient landings in adverse weather conditions.