Iilmastomuutokset

Iilmastomuutokset refer to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These changes can be natural, occurring over long periods due to variations in the solar cycle or volcanic activity. However, since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas. This process releases greenhouse gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to a gradual warming of the planet.

The consequences of these climate changes are far-reaching and include rising global temperatures, more frequent and intense heatwaves, changes in precipitation patterns leading to droughts and floods, rising sea levels, and the acidification of oceans. These impacts affect ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture, water resources, and human health. Scientific consensus, as represented by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), indicates that the observed warming is unprecedented over decades to millennia.

Addressing climate change involves both mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and sustainable land use. Adaptation involves adjusting to the current and future effects of climate change, such as developing drought-resistant crops, improving coastal defenses, and managing water resources more effectively. International cooperation and individual actions are considered crucial for managing the challenges posed by iilmastomuutokset.