IgGUnterklasse

IgGUnterklasse refers to the subclasses of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody, which is the most abundant antibody in the human immune system. IgG is a tetrameric protein consisting of two heavy chains and two light chains. The heavy chains of IgG are further classified into four subclasses: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Each subclass has distinct functional properties and is involved in different immune responses.

IgG1 is the most common subclass and is primarily involved in the humoral immune response, neutralizing pathogens and facilitating phagocytosis. It is also the primary antibody found in the bloodstream and is responsible for the majority of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).

IgG2 is found in higher concentrations in mucosal secretions and is involved in the immune response against extracellular pathogens. It is also a major component of the immune response to helminth infections.

IgG3 is primarily involved in the immune response to intracellular pathogens and is a major component of the immune response to viruses. It is also involved in the regulation of the immune response.

IgG4 is the least abundant subclass and is primarily involved in the immune response to allergens and in the regulation of the immune response. It is also involved in the immune response to autoimmune diseases.

The subclasses of IgG are encoded by different genes and are produced by different B cell subsets. The production of each subclass is regulated by different cytokines and is involved in different immune responses. The balance between the different subclasses of IgG is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system.