Hüdrotödesulfuriseerimine

Hüdrotödesulfuriseerimine is a chemical process used primarily in the petroleum refining industry to remove sulfur compounds from various hydrocarbon streams, such as naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuel, and gas oil. This process is crucial for meeting environmental regulations that limit sulfur emissions from the combustion of fuels. Sulfur in fossil fuels, when burned, is converted to sulfur oxides, which are major air pollutants contributing to acid rain and respiratory problems.

The hüdrotödesulfuriseerimine process involves reacting the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of a catalyst. Common catalysts include those based on cobalt-molybdenum or nickel-molybdenum supported on alumina. During the reaction, the organic sulfur compounds, such as thiols, sulfides, disulfides, and heterocyclic compounds, are converted into hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the corresponding hydrocarbons. For example, a thiol like methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) reacts with hydrogen to form methane (CH4) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S).

The hydrogen sulfide gas produced is then separated from the hydrocarbon stream. This H2S is typically further processed in a Claus unit to recover elemental sulfur, a valuable commodity. The desulfurized hydrocarbon stream is then ready for use as fuel or as a feedstock for other refining processes. The severity of the hüdrotödesulfuriseerimine process (temperature, pressure, catalyst type, and residence time) is adjusted based on the sulfur content of the feed and the desired level of sulfur removal.