Heerlen

Heerlen is a city located in the province of Limburg in the southern Netherlands. It is situated in the Geleen Valley, a region historically known for its coal mining industry. The city has a rich history dating back to Roman times, when it was an important settlement known as Coriovallum. Evidence of this Roman past can still be found in the city, including the remains of a Roman villa and bathhouse.

In the 20th century, Heerlen underwent significant industrial development, primarily driven by coal mining. This period transformed the city's landscape and economy. However, as the coal mines closed, Heerlen faced economic challenges. In response, the city has been engaged in a process of urban regeneration and economic diversification, focusing on sectors such as services, culture, and knowledge-based industries.

Heerlen is home to several notable institutions, including the Thermen Museum, which showcases Roman archaeological finds, and the Heerlen Station, an architecturally significant building. The city also hosts various cultural events and festivals throughout the year. Its proximity to Germany and Belgium also contributes to its character and influences its cultural landscape. The municipality of Heerlen encompasses the city itself and several smaller surrounding villages.