Heavyend

Heavyend refers to a pipe or tube installment, especially in water supply systems, where reduced velocity of a fluid flow occurs. This effect is particularly observed when the fluid in question is traveling downwards through a vertical or near-vertical pipe. When the fluid impinges against the bottom of the pipe, its velocity decreases, causing a higher pressure at this particular point.

The decrease in velocity, consequently, leads to an increasing pressure, which sometimes surpasses the pressure that could be produced were the flow smooth and continuous. This phenomenon of increased pressure at the point called the "heavyend" can lead to a few outcomes, including: a higher likelihood of fluid surges; enlargements of the diameter or reduction of the pipe to counteract these effects; or the adoption of throttling mechanisms to dissipate excess pressure.

The heavyend phenomenon can be avoided or mitigated by preventing fluid stagnation, typically through a combination of regular pipe flushing techniques accompanied by comprehensive system layouts that prevent any portion of the system from becoming liquid stagnant.