Hüaliinkõhr

Hüaliinkõhr, also known as hyaline cartilage, is the most common type of cartilage found in the human body. It is a flexible connective tissue characterized by its smooth, glassy appearance, hence the name "hyaline" which derives from the Greek word for glass. This tissue is composed of chondrocytes, which are specialized cells that reside within lacunae, small cavities embedded in an extracellular matrix. The matrix itself is rich in collagen fibers, primarily type II collagen, and proteoglycans, which contribute to its resilience and ability to withstand compressive forces.

The primary functions of hyaline cartilage are to provide smooth surfaces for joints, allowing for low-friction movement between bones. It also plays a crucial role in the development and growth of long bones, forming the epiphyseal plates where longitudinal bone growth occurs. Additionally, hyaline cartilage is found in various other locations, including the rib cage, nose, trachea, and larynx. Its smooth surface and shock-absorbing properties are essential for the proper functioning of these structures. Over time, or due to injury or disease, hyaline cartilage can degenerate, leading to conditions like osteoarthritis, where the protective cartilage wears away, causing pain and stiffness.