Húgycsizom

Húgycsizom, also known as the detrusor muscle, is a smooth muscle that forms the wall of the urinary bladder. It is responsible for contracting and expelling urine from the bladder during urination. This involuntary muscle is part of the autonomic nervous system, meaning its actions are not consciously controlled.

The detrusor muscle is composed of three layers of smooth muscle fibers arranged in a complex, interwoven pattern. This arrangement allows the bladder to expand significantly to store urine and then contract forcefully to empty it. During bladder filling, the detrusor muscle relaxes, allowing the bladder to distend. When the bladder reaches a certain volume, stretch receptors in the bladder wall send signals to the brain, initiating the urge to urinate.

The process of urination, also called micturition, involves the coordinated action of the detrusor muscle and the urethral sphincters. When the decision to urinate is made, the brain signals the detrusor muscle to contract, while simultaneously relaxing the internal and external urethral sphincters, allowing urine to flow out of the bladder and through the urethra.

Disorders affecting the húgycsizom can lead to various urinary problems. Overactive bladder syndrome, for instance, is characterized by involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle, resulting in a frequent and urgent need to urinate. Conversely, a weakened detrusor muscle can lead to incomplete bladder emptying, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections. Treatments for these conditions often aim to regulate the muscle's activity.