Grænukornets
Grænukornets (chloroplasts) are essential organelles in the cells of plants and algae that carry out photosynthesis. They capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy, producing sugars from carbon dioxide and water while releasing oxygen. In addition to photosynthesis, chloroplasts synthesize fatty acids, amino acids, and pigments, and they can store starch.
Chloroplasts are bounded by a double membrane envelope. Inside is the stroma, a fluid containing enzymes, small
Chloroplasts are believed to have originated from cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis and subsequently evolved to lose many
Different plastid forms arise from chloroplasts in different tissues, such as amyloplasts that store starch or