Gruppimõtlemine

Gruppimõtlemine is an Estonian term that translates to "groupthink" in English. It describes a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. Group members try to minimize conflict and reach a consensus decision without critical evaluation of alternative viewpoints, by actively suppressing dissenting viewpoints, and by isolating themselves from outside influences that could contradict their beliefs.

The concept of groupthink was first introduced by psychologist Irving Janis in 1972. He argued that groupthink is more likely to occur in cohesive groups, where members are highly motivated to maintain group solidarity. Symptoms of groupthink can include an illusion of invulnerability, a strong belief in the inherent morality of the group, stereotyping of outsiders, and direct pressure on dissenters to conform.

When groupthink takes hold, members may fail to consider alternative solutions, overlook potential risks, and make poorly informed decisions. This can lead to significant negative consequences for the group or organization. Strategies to mitigate groupthink include encouraging critical evaluation of all options, inviting outside experts, assigning a devil's advocate, and allowing members to discuss decisions in smaller, separate groups. Understanding and identifying groupthink is crucial for effective group functioning and decision-making.