Glikanozlar

Glikanozlar, also known as glycans or polysaccharides, are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharides. These monosaccharides are linked together by glycosidic bonds, forming polymeric structures. The specific type of monosaccharide and the arrangement of these bonds determine the properties and functions of the resulting glycan. Common monosaccharides found in glycans include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Glycans play vital roles in many biological processes. They serve as structural components in plants and fungi, such as cellulose in plant cell walls and chitin in fungal cell walls. In animals, glycans are integral parts of connective tissues, like hyaluronic acid, and are involved in cell recognition and signaling. Glycoproteins and glycolipids, where glycans are covalently attached to proteins and lipids respectively, are crucial for cell surface interactions and immune responses.

The study of glycans is known as glycobiology. Understanding glycan structures and functions is important for comprehending various biological phenomena, including development, disease progression, and immunity. Disruptions in glycan metabolism or structure can lead to various health issues, making glycans a subject of ongoing research in medicine and biotechnology.