Gazdaságpolitikát

Gazdaságpolitikát refers to the economic policy of a state or government. It encompasses a wide range of measures and instruments aimed at influencing the economic development and performance of a country. The primary goals of economic policy typically include promoting economic growth, maintaining price stability (low inflation), ensuring full employment, and achieving a stable balance of payments.

Governments employ various tools to implement their economic policies. These can be broadly categorized into fiscal policy and monetary policy. Fiscal policy involves the government's decisions regarding taxation and spending. By adjusting tax rates or government expenditure, policymakers can stimulate or restrain economic activity. Monetary policy, on the other hand, is managed by the central bank and involves controlling the money supply and interest rates. Lowering interest rates can encourage borrowing and investment, while raising them can curb inflation.

Beyond fiscal and monetary tools, economic policy also includes structural policies designed to improve the long-term functioning of the economy. These can involve deregulation, privatization, investment in education and infrastructure, and trade liberalization. The specific mix of policies adopted by a government depends on its economic philosophy, the prevailing economic conditions, and its national priorities. Economic policy is a dynamic field, constantly adapting to new challenges and opportunities in the global economy.