Frustulid

Frustulid is a class of microalgae that belongs to the family Bacillariophyceae. These organisms are characterized by the presence of siliceous frustules, which provide structural support and protection to the cells. The frustule, a compact and protective skeleton, is composed of two valves that fit together like the panels of a microscope slide. The type of valves present, broadly categorized into holotype and isotype, determines the classification of the organism.

Frustulids, also known as diatoms, are considered to be the most common and widespread phyla of algae in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments. These organisms are usually unicellular but may aggregate in colonies or form complex communities with other organisms. Their size, shape, and pattern of valves provide distinctive identification characteristics. Frustulids are autotrophic, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis, using sunlight as their primary energy source.

In the scientific community, frustulids have been widely studied for their unique characteristics, such as their ability to form distinct morphotypes and their importance in the global carbon cycle. Research has shown that frustulids contribute to phytoplankton communities and help regulate atmospheric CO2. However, excessive growth of algal colonies can lead to harmful outcomes in aquatic ecosystems. Frustulid longchains are thought to have a vital role in the aquatic food web.

Biogenic silica is primarily produced by frustulids in the environment. It gets redeposited in the sediment, forming a silica-rich deposit known as diatomaceous earth.