Frekvenciaváltoztatás

Frekvenciaváltoztatás, also known as frequency modulation (FM) in English, is a signal modulation technique used in telecommunications to encode information into a carrier wave by varying its frequency. The amplitude and phase of the carrier wave remain constant.

In a typical FM system, a high-frequency carrier wave is generated. The information signal, which could be an audio signal, a data stream, or any other form of information, is then used to control the instantaneous frequency of this carrier wave. When the information signal has a higher value, the carrier wave's frequency increases above its center frequency. Conversely, when the information signal has a lower value, the carrier wave's frequency decreases below its center frequency. The extent to which the frequency deviates from the center frequency is proportional to the amplitude of the information signal.

FM is widely used in radio broadcasting, particularly for FM radio stations that transmit music and voice. Its advantages include superior sound quality compared to amplitude modulation (AM) and greater immunity to noise and interference. This makes it suitable for transmitting high-fidelity audio. FM is also employed in various other applications, such as in wireless microphones, some forms of digital communication, and even in musical synthesizers. The process of demodulating an FM signal involves detecting these frequency variations and converting them back into the original information signal.