Fotoreseptoreid

Fotoreseptoreid, also known as photoreceptors, are specialized cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for detecting light and initiating the visual perception process. There are two main types of photoreceptors: rods and cones. Rods are highly sensitive to low levels of light and are responsible for vision in dim light conditions, known as scotopic vision. They are also responsible for peripheral vision. Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and detail perception in bright light conditions, known as photopic vision. There are three types of cones, each containing a different type of photopigment that is sensitive to short (blue), medium (green), or long (red) wavelengths of light. The signals from the photoreceptors are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, where they are processed and interpreted as visual images. Damage to the photoreceptors can lead to various visual impairments, including night blindness and color blindness. Research into photoreceptor function and regeneration is an active area of study in the fields of ophthalmology and neuroscience.