Forráspontszint

Forráspontszint refers to the boiling point elevation phenomenon observed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent. It is a colligative property, meaning it depends on the number of solute particles in the solution, not their chemical identity. When a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent above the solution is lowered. This lowered vapor pressure requires a higher temperature for the solution to reach a boiling point where its vapor pressure equals the external atmospheric pressure. Consequently, the boiling point of the solution is elevated compared to that of the pure solvent.

The magnitude of this elevation is directly proportional to the molality of the solute particles in the solution. The formula describing this relationship is ΔTb = Kb * m * i, where ΔTb is the boiling point elevation, Kb is the ebullioscopic constant of the solvent, m is the molality of the solute, and i is the van't Hoff factor, which accounts for the dissociation of ionic solutes into multiple particles. Forráspontszint has practical applications in various fields, including determining the molar mass of unknown solutes and in freeze-thaw cycles where the addition of substances like salt to water lowers its freezing point, a related colligative property. Understanding forráspontszint is crucial in chemistry and chemical engineering for predicting and controlling the behavior of solutions at elevated temperatures.