Folyadékpycnometri

Folyadékpycnometri is a laboratory technique used to determine the density of a liquid. The term originates from the Greek words "fóligos" (liquid), "pyknos" (dense), and "metron" (measure). It is a precise method that relies on measuring the volume of a known mass of the liquid or the mass of a known volume. Essentially, it involves carefully measuring how much a certain amount of liquid weighs, or how much space a certain weight of liquid occupies.

The most common apparatus used in folyadékpycnometri is a pycnometer, which is a specialized flask with a precisely calibrated volume and a stopper with a capillary tube. The process typically begins by weighing an empty, dry pycnometer. Then, the pycnometer is filled with the liquid of interest, ensuring no air bubbles are trapped, and the stopper is carefully inserted. Excess liquid will be displaced through the capillary tube. The filled pycnometer is then weighed. By subtracting the weight of the empty pycnometer from the weight of the filled pycnometer, the mass of the liquid is obtained. Since the volume of the pycnometer is known, the density can be calculated using the formula density = mass/volume. Temperature control is crucial as liquid density is highly dependent on temperature, so experiments are usually performed at a constant, known temperature.