Fettabsorpsjonstester

Fettabsorpsjonstester, also known as fecal fat tests, are diagnostic procedures used to measure the amount of fat excreted in the stool over a 72-hour period. This test is crucial for evaluating the body's ability to digest and absorb fats from food, a process known as fat absorption. When fat absorption is impaired, it can lead to a condition called malabsorption, which can have various underlying causes.

The primary indication for a fettabsorpsjonstest is suspected malabsorption. Symptoms that might prompt a doctor to order this test include chronic diarrhea, steatorrhea (fatty, foul-smelling, bulky stools), unintended weight loss, abdominal pain, bloating, and deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). These symptoms can point to a range of conditions affecting the digestive system.

Several conditions can lead to fat malabsorption and thus necessitate a fettabsorpsjonstest. These include pancreatic insufficiency, where the pancreas does not produce enough digestive enzymes, celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease, bile acid deficiency, and certain infections or surgical resections of the small intestine.

The test typically involves collecting all stool passed over three consecutive days. During this period, the patient is usually asked to maintain their normal diet, although sometimes specific dietary instructions might be given. The collected stool samples are then sent to a laboratory for analysis. The laboratory measures the total amount of fat in the stool over the 72-hour period. Results are usually reported as a percentage of the dietary fat intake or as a daily excretion amount. A result indicating excessive fat in the stool suggests malabsorption.

Interpreting the results requires clinical correlation with the patient's symptoms and medical history. Elevated fecal fat levels confirm fat malabsorption but do not pinpoint the specific cause. Further investigations, such as blood tests, imaging studies, or endoscopic procedures, may be necessary to determine the underlying diagnosis and guide treatment.