Fehlerströme

Fehlerströme, also known as leakage currents, are unintended electrical currents that flow through paths not intended for current. These paths can include insulation, the earth, or even the human body. Fehlerströme can arise from various sources, such as damaged insulation, moisture ingress, or faulty wiring. They represent a deviation from the normal operational flow of electricity.

The presence of Fehlerströme is a safety concern. When a Fehlerstrom flows through a person, it can cause electric shock, ranging from mild tingling to severe injury or death, depending on the magnitude and duration of the current. In industrial settings, Fehlerströme can also lead to equipment damage, fire hazards, and operational disruptions. They are a primary indicator of electrical faults that require immediate attention.

Detecting and mitigating Fehlerströme is crucial for electrical safety. Devices like Residual Current Devices (RCDs), also known as Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter (FI-Schutzschalter), are specifically designed to monitor the balance of current flowing in live and neutral conductors. If an imbalance is detected, indicating a leakage current to earth or another unintended path, the RCD quickly disconnects the power supply, thereby preventing harm. Regular inspection and maintenance of electrical installations are also essential to identify and repair potential sources of Fehlerströme before they become dangerous.