Ethanedinitrile

Ethanedinitrile, also known as acrylonitrile, is a colorless, flammable liquid with a pungent odor. It is a significant industrial chemical used primarily in the production of acrylic fibers, resins, and plastics. Acrylonitrile is a nitrile, a compound containing a cyano group (-CN), which is highly reactive and can undergo polymerization to form polymers with unique properties.

The chemical formula for acrylonitrile is C2H3N. It is produced through the catalytic dehydration of acetamide or the ammoxidation of propylene. The primary use of acrylonitrile is in the synthesis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a precursor to acrylic fibers and resins. These materials are widely used in textiles, adhesives, and coatings due to their strength, durability, and resistance to chemicals.

Acrylonitrile is also used in the production of acrylamide, which is a monomer for polyacrylamide, a polymer used in water treatment, paper production, and as a thickener in various industrial and consumer products. Additionally, it is used in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Despite its widespread use, acrylonitrile is classified as a hazardous substance due to its flammability and potential health risks. Exposure to acrylonitrile can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and prolonged exposure may lead to more serious health issues. Therefore, handling and storage of acrylonitrile require strict safety measures to prevent accidents and health hazards.