Energiamaradás

Energiamaradás, also known as the principle of conservation of energy, is a fundamental law of physics. It states that in any closed system, the total energy remains constant over time. Energy can be transformed from one form to another, such as from potential energy to kinetic energy or from chemical energy to thermal energy, but it cannot be created or destroyed. This principle is applicable across all scales, from subatomic particles to the universe as a whole.

The concept was first rigorously formulated in the 19th century through the work of scientists like Julius Robert von Mayer, James Prescott Joule, and Hermann von Helmholtz. Joule's experiments, in particular, demonstrated the mechanical equivalent of heat, showing that heat is a form of energy and could be converted from mechanical work. Energiamaradás is a cornerstone of classical mechanics, thermodynamics, and other branches of physics. Its implications extend to engineering, chemistry, and biology, underpinning many technological advancements and our understanding of natural processes. For instance, in a simple pendulum, energy continuously converts between potential energy at its highest points and kinetic energy at its lowest point, but the total energy of the pendulum system, neglecting friction, remains the same.