Eignaskrá

Eignaskrá, or the ownership registry, is the public register of real property rights in Iceland. It records who owns a parcel of land or a building, the extent of ownership, and any encumbrances or rights affecting the property, such as mortgages, easements, or restrictions. The registry provides a legally recognized record of title and is used in property transfers, mortgage lending, taxation, and dispute resolution.

Contents and operation: Each entry in the eignaskrá includes the property's cadastral or identifying details, location, size, and status; the registered owner or owners and their respective shares; any co-owners or corporate owners; and registered rights or restrictions, such as easements, building permissions, or covenants. It also lists encumbrances like mortgages or liens. When a real estate transaction occurs, the necessary documents are submitted to the competent authority, and the registry is updated to reflect the new owner and any changes to rights. Legal effects typically arise upon entry in the register.

Legal framework and access: The eignaskrá operates under national real property and registration laws. Entries are part of the public record, and interested parties can request information or certified copies for due diligence, subject to applicable privacy and procedural rules. The registry serves as the authoritative source for proving ownership and for resolving issues related to property rights and transfers.

Importance: The ownership registry underpins certainty in real estate transactions, secures legal proof of title, and supports lending, taxation, and enforcement of rights against third parties.