Ebro

The Ebro (Río Ebro) is a major river in northern Spain. Originating in the Cantabrian Mountains, it flows southeast across La Rioja, Navarre, Aragon and Catalonia before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea through the Ebro Delta near Amposta, Catalonia. Its length is about 910 kilometers.

The Ebro Basin covers roughly 85,000 square kilometers, making it one of the largest basins in the Iberian Peninsula. The river's course passes through several important cities, including Logroño, Zaragoza, and Tortosa, and is fed by numerous tributaries such as the Arga, Aragón, Jalón, Gállego, Cinca, and Segre.

Hydroelectric power and irrigation are central to the Ebro’s use; multiple reservoirs regulate flow along its route, supporting agriculture in the Ebro Valley, one of Spain’s most productive farming areas. The Ebro Delta is a protected wetland system, known for its rice production, bird life and ecological value, and is designated as a natural park and Ramsar site.

Historically, the Ebro has served as a corridor for settlement and trade since antiquity. In 226 BCE, Rome and Carthage signed the Ebro Treaty, which defined a boundary in Iberia, reflecting the region’s strategic importance in ancient times.